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30,000 children's DNA on police database
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| On file most DNA collected by police is kept, it is rare for any samples to be destroyed |
THE DNA profiles of more than 30,000 Essex children are being kept on a police database.
Figures released in response to a Freedom of Information request also reveal that 12,345 of those young people are under 15.
The news comes after it was reported how the profile of a 13-year-old boy from Benfleet boy was being kept on the DNA database, despite police admitting he had been wrongfully arrested.
The boy's mother, who is considering legal action to have his profile removed, said: "The Government has already proved what a bad record it has on keeping such sensitive information, so I don't trust them with this."
Since 2003, police have been able to retain DNA taken from anyone over the age of ten arrested for a criminal offence, whether or not they go on to be convicted for it.
Under-18s now make up a quarter of the 120,946 samples to be added to the Essex database since it started in 1995.
Essex Police are unable to say how many children on their database were eventually found to be innocent of the offence they were accused of.
Prior to 2001, police had to destroy samples from people subsequently proved innocent, but an amendment to the Police and Criminal Evidence Act in 2003 gave police the right to take and retain the DNA profile of anyone they arrested over the age of ten.
Some argue the database has helped police to solve recent high-profile crimes, such as the murder of 18-year-old Sally Anne Bowman by Mark Dixie, and the deaths of five Ipswich prostitutes at the hands of Steve Wright.
Both men are now serving lengthy jail sentences.
But others fear it is the latest infringement of civil liberties. A European court test case arguing samples should be destroyed if no charges are brought may help to clarify the issue.
Closer to home, the mother of the Benfleet boy is determined to have his DNA removed from the database. He was released without charge for throwing pebbles into a road near his school.
A woman who had had her car vandalised filmed the act, believing the boy might have been reponsible for the damage.
Despite him later being exonerated, his DNA still remains on the database.
The boy's mother, who does not want to be identified to protect her son, said she was considering mounting a legal battle to get it removed.
She said: "It happens all the time.
"I don't think people realise how many children there are on the database now.
"I don't think it would work having everyone on the database because it would take so long to eliminate everyone's DNA from a crime scene."
However, the man in charge of taking samples for the Essex database is adamant it is the "best crime fighting tool" in the police armoury to date.
Tom Harper, scientific support manager and head of forensic investigations, said: "We will take a sample from everyone arrested and we will retain that forever, but there are exceptional circumstances where they can be removed.
"Where it has been found there was no original offence, for example, if we go to a scene of a suspicious death and we arrest people in connection with it, but then on post mortem it is found to be a natural death, then there would have been no offence committed."
Mr Harper said the UK's DNA database was now "the envy of the world".
He added: "A few countries have a DNA database, like the US, but that is not across the whole country.
"Where someone is found not guilty, that's where the problems happen, because they feel they haven't committed an offence. But the law is very clear.
"Say during an investigation we find evidence of criminal damage and we arrest someone on suspicion of criminal damage, then provided that arrest is lawful and the offence happened, we should retain the samples."
Mr Harper believes people are worrying needlessly about having their DNA on record and says it is not akin to having a criminal record.
He said: "We don't give this information out.
"It is owned by the police and managed by the Forensic Science Service.
"I can't sit in my office and access this, I have to go to the FSS.
"There is a tremendous benefit in terms of crime detection. It gives us thousands of leads on crimes each year. To have a national DNA database of everyone would be quite useful.
"At the moment we probably have about 5 per cent of the country on the database, but to increase it by another 95 per cent would require a big increase in the administrative system.
"If people are not committing crimes, they have nothing to worry about."
Human rights groups such as Liberty are calling for a national debate.
Spokeswoman Mairi Clare Rodgers said: "Taking the DNA of every man, woman and child is expensive and impractical, yet it is impossible to have no DNA database.
"We need a sensible debate to find a fair and proportionate solution which will satisfy civil rights as well as crime prevention concerns."
The national picture
BY the end of 2005, about 200,000 samples nationally had been retained that would have been destroyed before the change in legislation.
Of these samples, 8,000 matched with DNA taken from crime scenes, involving nearly 14,000 offences, including murders and rapes.
Under-18s make up 23 per cent of all arrests. There are no legal powers to take a DNA sample from anyone under ten without the consent of a parent or legal guardian.
About a million people who have not been convicted of any offence, including at least 100,000 children, are now estimated to be on the national DNA database. Many others have been acquitted, or have been convicted of relatively minor offences (including begging, being drunk and disorderly, or taking part in an illegal demonstration) but will remain on the database for life.
7:13am Wednesday 5th March 2008
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CommentPosted by: Trev, Essex on 8:37am Wed 5 Mar 08
What better deterrent than to know your DNA is held on a database? Commit a crime and you'll be found. If you don't commit crime, you have nothing to worry about. Simple. The do-gooders at Liberty always seem to take the sides of the criminals who terrorise the rest of us. Don't break the law in the first place and your DNA won't be taken. Although I empathise with the mother, her son was clearly there and was lawfully arrested. Take some responsibility!
What better deterrent than to know your DNA is held on a database? Commit a crime and you'll be found. If you don't commit crime, you have nothing to worry about. Simple. The do-gooders at Liberty always seem to take the sides of the criminals who terrorise the rest of us. Don't break the law in the first place and your DNA won't be taken. Although I empathise with the mother, her son was clearly there and was lawfully arrested. Take some responsibility!
Posted by: APR, Benfleet on 10:00am Wed 5 Mar 08
I don't see any problem with this.
I think everyone's DNA should be on file.
I don't see any problem with this.
I think everyone's DNA should be on file.
Posted by: DCI Gene Hunt, Colchester on 10:27am Wed 5 Mar 08
The bigger problem is if you are totally innocent the Police will take your photograph , fingerprints and DNA, you automatically have a criminal records number this means you now have a criminal record . Yes even you are a good citizen and arrested to achieve figures on a matter that could be dealt with on your doorstep. So don't try and go on holiday to the USA for as far as they are concerned if you have a criminal records number then you are a criminal and will need to apply for a Visa. Unless of course you are a
Labour party member arrested for a fraud investigation, then the Police forget to take them or say they are not always required. What a democracy we live in today
The bigger problem is if you are totally innocent the Police will take your photograph , fingerprints and DNA, you automatically have a criminal records number this means you now have a criminal record . Yes even you are a good citizen and arrested to achieve figures on a matter that could be dealt with on your doorstep. So don't try and go on holiday to the USA for as far as they are concerned if you have a criminal records number then you are a criminal and will need to apply for a Visa. Unless of course you are a
Labour party member arrested for a fraud investigation, then the Police forget to take them or say they are not always required. What a democracy we live in today
Posted by: GT, southend on 10:41am Wed 5 Mar 08
What a society we live in. No longer do we have the presumption of innocence until found guilty, now you can have you DNA taken even for being arrested - no matter if you are later proven to be innocent.
What the goverment can not get openly, they take by stealth.
What a society we live in. No longer do we have the presumption of innocence until found guilty, now you can have you DNA taken even for being arrested - no matter if you are later proven to be innocent.
What the goverment can not get openly, they take by stealth.
Posted by: APR, Benfleet on 10:47am Wed 5 Mar 08
Then again, if you had a young daughter who had been raped, you would think DNA records a great idea if it helped to catch the perpetrator.
As I see it, the innocent have nothing to fear.
Then again, if you had a young daughter who had been raped, you would think DNA records a great idea if it helped to catch the perpetrator.
As I see it, the innocent have nothing to fear.
Posted by: Paul, Basildon on 11:24am Wed 5 Mar 08
Dear oh dear - how ill informed some people are.
How exactly, does having your DNA on a database mean you have a criminal record?
It's the best tool we have in the box to bring evil people like Dixie and Wright to justice.
Look at it the other way - if you were a victim of crime, the DNA database might be the only thing that catches and convicts your assaillant/murderer/
etc.
Dear oh dear - how ill informed some people are.
How exactly, does having your DNA on a database mean you have a criminal record?
It's the best tool we have in the box to bring evil people like Dixie and Wright to justice.
Look at it the other way - if you were a victim of crime, the DNA database might be the only thing that catches and convicts your assaillant/murderer/
etc.
Posted by: Liz, Colchester on 11:51am Wed 5 Mar 08
I advocate that DNA Samples are taken from every newborn. The rest of society could be sampled by a range of initiatives such as making provision of a DNA sample a condition of accessing the NHS and the Welfare State benefits system. Non intimate DNA samples (for example a cheek cell swab), are easy to administer so there is no reason why a national database of all citizens couldn't be obtained within a couple of years.
I advocate that DNA Samples are taken from every newborn. The rest of society could be sampled by a range of initiatives such as making provision of a DNA sample a condition of accessing the NHS and the Welfare State benefits system. Non intimate DNA samples (for example a cheek cell swab), are easy to administer so there is no reason why a national database of all citizens couldn't be obtained within a couple of years.
Posted by: jon on 12:00pm Wed 5 Mar 08
Problem with this if police match your DNA to a crime they assume you are guilty and look for a scenario to match you to a crime. DNA is not just contained in bodily fluids in a recent case it took an age for the CPS to drop a case where the accused's DNA was found on the victim the suspect was a tall black man and the DNA came from a 5' 4" white man. The DNA a single hair. There could have been any number of innocent reasons how it got there. You can not trust the Police with this information.
Problem with this if police match your DNA to a crime they assume you are guilty and look for a scenario to match you to a crime. DNA is not just contained in bodily fluids in a recent case it took an age for the CPS to drop a case where the accused's DNA was found on the victim the suspect was a tall black man and the DNA came from a 5' 4" white man. The DNA a single hair. There could have been any number of innocent reasons how it got there. You can not trust the Police with this information.
Posted by: westcliff willi on 12:53pm Wed 5 Mar 08
trev and apr
you can offer yourself upto the plod to have a sample taken at any time
let us know next week if you do it please
trev and apr
you can offer yourself upto the plod to have a sample taken at any time
let us know next week if you do it please
Posted by: Scott, Secret on 1:06pm Wed 5 Mar 08
Where exactly has the right to privacy gone? The government want to keep all of our lives on record and it seems they are starting with children who are less likely to complain about their civil liberties being infringed in this most invasive way. Some may say that that good people should have nothing to fear, but once information like this is on a database it is extremely unlikely to ever be removed and if the reduction in civil liberties of the last eight year continue at the pace they have been moving we are only a few decades from living in a police state in which personal freedom and privacy are controlled by an all powerful government which monitors every aspect of our lives. When he was in power Tony Blair said that the right time to intervene to prevent crime is before birth so how long can it be before DNA is used to profile who is genetically more inclined to become a criminal and babies are branded criminals before they are even conceived based on analysis of their parents DNA? That is not to even mention incompetence; the last year has seen extremely personal information relating to junior doctors, parents on the Child Support register and military personnel either accidentally published or lost in the public domain.
Our right to live as private citizens is inalienable and actions like this erode them piece by piece unless we take action to stop them now I truly fear for the future. Remember that liberty is not taken from people; it is normally given away gladly. We must not let a government - and their boot boys: the police - invade every aspect of our lives without complaint.
Where exactly has the right to privacy gone? The government want to keep all of our lives on record and it seems they are starting with children who are less likely to complain about their civil liberties being infringed in this most invasive way. Some may say that that good people should have nothing to fear, but once information like this is on a database it is extremely unlikely to ever be removed and if the reduction in civil liberties of the last eight year continue at the pace they have been moving we are only a few decades from living in a police state in which personal freedom and privacy are controlled by an all powerful government which monitors every aspect of our lives. When he was in power Tony Blair said that the right time to intervene to prevent crime is before birth so how long can it be before DNA is used to profile who is genetically more inclined to become a criminal and babies are branded criminals before they are even conceived based on analysis of their parents DNA? That is not to even mention incompetence; the last year has seen extremely personal information relating to junior doctors, parents on the Child Support register and military personnel either accidentally published or lost in the public domain.
Our right to live as private citizens is inalienable and actions like this erode them piece by piece unless we take action to stop them now I truly fear for the future. Remember that liberty is not taken from people; it is normally given away gladly. We must not let a government - and their boot boys: the police - invade every aspect of our lives without complaint.
Posted by: les, at work on 2:00pm Wed 5 Mar 08
Scott Secret is talking c**p. DNA is the greatest weapon the police have in catching criminals so lets make as much use of it as possible. I see no reason why every single one of us should not be on the national DNA database. Its got nothing to do with peoples liberty and freedom - if you think that you're clearly siding with (or are already part of) the criminal fraternity of this country.
Scott Secret is talking c**p. DNA is the greatest weapon the police have in catching criminals so lets make as much use of it as possible. I see no reason why every single one of us should not be on the national DNA database. Its got nothing to do with peoples liberty and freedom - if you think that you're clearly siding with (or are already part of) the criminal fraternity of this country.
Posted by: walsingham, Basildon on 3:12pm Wed 5 Mar 08
It's a great idea until those details go astray or get sold onto a life insurance company and suddenly you can't get your health insurance because you are in an "at risk" group. Or perhaps it is subtler than that and the Government decides it can save some of your hard-earned money by using that dna profile to establish if you have a genetic predisposition towards a certain illness and therefore should pay for your own treatment and not have it on the NHS...?
Of course they won't do that. It will only be used for crime, anyway, won't it? How naive are people? It's never about what a well-meaning government will do now - however useful it will be in catching criminals. It's about what they might do down the line to screw innocent folk over - or "when the situation changes".
It's a great idea until those details go astray or get sold onto a life insurance company and suddenly you can't get your health insurance because you are in an "at risk" group. Or perhaps it is subtler than that and the Government decides it can save some of your hard-earned money by using that dna profile to establish if you have a genetic predisposition towards a certain illness and therefore should pay for your own treatment and not have it on the NHS...?
Of course they won't do that. It will only be used for crime, anyway, won't it? How naive are people? It's never about what a well-meaning government will do now - however useful it will be in catching criminals. It's about what they might do down the line to screw innocent folk over - or "when the situation changes".
Posted by: acid_jim on 4:20pm Wed 5 Mar 08
The only people who need fear a national DNA data base are criminals.
The only people who need fear a national DNA data base are criminals.
Posted by: Nick BURTON, Southend on 4:46pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[bold]Several years ago Essex Police asked serving police officers to give their DNA to the (then new) database.
How many did ?...... have a guess[/bold]
Several years ago Essex Police asked serving police officers to give their DNA to the (then new) database.
How many did ?...... have a guess Posted by: chill out, Benfleet on 4:48pm Wed 5 Mar 08
This is Orwellian. Just shows how far the British public have allowed themselves to be mo nitored by the government. Not only are we the most watched society on the planet, we seem to want to be genetically monitored as well. I guess when Jews were required to register in Germany no one thought they had any reason to think the government would miss use that information. Of course, millions of people had to die before it was over.
This is Orwellian. Just shows how far the British public have allowed themselves to be mo nitored by the government. Not only are we the most watched society on the planet, we seem to want to be genetically monitored as well. I guess when Jews were required to register in Germany no one thought they had any reason to think the government would miss use that information. Of course, millions of people had to die before it was over.
Posted by: piano hinges on 4:52pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[quote][bold]chill out[/bold] wrote:
This is Orwellian. Just shows how far the British public have allowed themselves to be mo nitored by the government. Not only are we the most watched society on the planet, we seem to want to be genetically monitored as well. I guess when Jews were required to register in Germany no one thought they had any reason to think the government would miss use that information. Of course, millions of people had to die before it was over.[/quote] Quite right. This creeping withdrawal of our freedoms is terrifying - and worse, most people don't seem to care.
The argument that the innocent have nothing to fear is a strong one, but not valid in my opinion. Yes, DNA has proved useful in catching two high profile criminals recently, but even our own Government has decided that compulsory registration is a step too far.
Mind you I expect that to change in due course, perhaps next time there's a terrorist atrocity we may see yet more freedoms disappear.
chill out wrote:
This is Orwellian. Just shows how far the British public have allowed themselves to be mo nitored by the government. Not only are we the most watched society on the planet, we seem to want to be genetically monitored as well. I guess when Jews were required to register in Germany no one thought they had any reason to think the government would miss use that information. Of course, millions of people had to die before it was over.
Quite right. This creeping withdrawal of our freedoms is terrifying - and worse, most people don't seem to care.
The argument that the innocent have nothing to fear is a strong one, but not valid in my opinion. Yes, DNA has proved useful in catching two high profile criminals recently, but even our own Government has decided that compulsory registration is a step too far.
Mind you I expect that to change in due course, perhaps next time there's a terrorist atrocity we may see yet more freedoms disappear.
Posted by: Scott, Secret on 5:02pm Wed 5 Mar 08
If I don't believe that the government have the right to examine my life at a genetic level then I am siding with criminals. The only people who fear a DNA database are criminals. What about the legitimate fears I have of the government becoming more draconian and our complancency today providing them with all the tools and information they need to restrict our liberty to such an extent that we are no longer free in the future. A DNA database may seem like a trivial thing to worry about but it is the thin end of the wedge and once they have taken this from us they will start pushing away at the next thing. If they had their way we would all be microchipped so we could be tracked by GP at all times and our mood monitored - surely the only people who would have anything to fear from that are criminals as well, except I don't want to live in a country where I am scared what the government want to take from me next. If they aren't stopped now who knows where thsi will lead. As Thomas Jefferson said: "When the people fear their government, there is tyranny; when the government fears the people, there is liberty."
If I don't believe that the government have the right to examine my life at a genetic level then I am siding with criminals. The only people who fear a DNA database are criminals. What about the legitimate fears I have of the government becoming more draconian and our complancency today providing them with all the tools and information they need to restrict our liberty to such an extent that we are no longer free in the future. A DNA database may seem like a trivial thing to worry about but it is the thin end of the wedge and once they have taken this from us they will start pushing away at the next thing. If they had their way we would all be microchipped so we could be tracked by GP at all times and our mood monitored - surely the only people who would have anything to fear from that are criminals as well, except I don't want to live in a country where I am scared what the government want to take from me next. If they aren't stopped now who knows where thsi will lead. As Thomas Jefferson said: "When the people fear their government, there is tyranny; when the government fears the people, there is liberty."
Posted by: steve s, southend on 5:14pm Wed 5 Mar 08
loss of liberty and freedom almost every aspect of your day recorded or watched on cctv and all for the greater good soon we will have something akin to the patriot act in the states liberty arnt particularly do-gooders and nore do i belong to them but the erosion of freedoms in this country needs to be looked at very soon it is OPPRESSIVE
loss of liberty and freedom almost every aspect of your day recorded or watched on cctv and all for the greater good soon we will have something akin to the patriot act in the states liberty arnt particularly do-gooders and nore do i belong to them but the erosion of freedoms in this country needs to be looked at very soon it is OPPRESSIVE
Posted by: piano hinges on 5:15pm Wed 5 Mar 08
Like the Jefferson quote, Scott. Bang on.
Like the Jefferson quote, Scott. Bang on.
Posted by: oolaa on 5:16pm Wed 5 Mar 08
http://www.guardian.
co.uk/commentisfree/
2007/nov/15/comment.
politics
http://www.guardian.
co.uk/commentisfree/
2007/nov/15/comment.
politics
Posted by: Andrew K, Shoeburyness on 5:26pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[bold]"If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear"
I hear that with depressing regularity these days. Successive governments have done a fine job in dumbing down the once British public into what amounts to 'British sheeple'. People who live their lives in fear every day and will agree to ever more totalitarian methods to guarantee their 'safety'.
Here's another quote:
"Those who would give up essential Liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety." Benjamin Franklin.[/bold]
"If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear"
I hear that with depressing regularity these days. Successive governments have done a fine job in dumbing down the once British public into what amounts to 'British sheeple'. People who live their lives in fear every day and will agree to ever more totalitarian methods to guarantee their 'safety'.
Here's another quote:
"Those who would give up essential Liberty to purchase a little temporary safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety." Benjamin Franklin. Posted by: Chris Buckley, Essex on 5:52pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[bold]Ten myths about the police National DNA Database[/bold]
[bold]February 2008
Background[/bold]
In England and Wales, the police now take DNA samples routinely without consent
from anyone aged ten or above who is arrested in connection with any recordable
offence. Recordable offences include being drunk and disorderly, taking part in an
illegal demonstration and minor acts of criminal damage by children, caused by
kicking footballs or throwing snowballs. A false accusation is sufficient to be arrested
on suspicion of committing an offence. All DNA samples are kept permanently by the
companies that analyse them, and the computerised DNA profiles and personal data
(such as name and ethnic group) are also kept permanently on the National DNA
Database, even if a person is never charged or is acquitted.
In Scotland, DNA may be taken on arrest for any imprisonable offence and
computerised DNA profiles and samples are kept permanently if the individual is
convicted. However, the Scottish Parliament voted against permanent retention of
DNA from innocent people, in May 2006. Instead, police powers were expanded to
allow temporary retention (for up to 5 years) from a much smaller number of people
who had been charged but acquitted of a serious violent or sexual offence.
In Northern Ireland, the law is the same as in England and Wales, but it has not yet
been fully implemented.
[bold]Myth 1. Keeping more people’s records on the DNA database will make it more
effective[/bold]
The value of entering increasing numbers of DNA profiles from individuals on the
Database (unrelated to the reason for arrest) is that it may allow investigation of a
past crime to be re-opened, by unexpectedly identifying a new suspect. The purpose
of retaining an individual’s DNA profile on a database is to treat them as a suspect for
any future crime. Keeping DNA profiles from convicted criminals has been shown to
be effective, as has collecting more DNA from crime scenes. But keeping DNA
profiles from unconvicted people on the Database has not helped to solve more
crimes: the proportion of recorded crimes detected using DNA has not increased in
the last 5 years, despite 2 million more people’s records being kept. The Government
has provided evidence of DNA matches with unconvicted persons, but matches are
not the same as prosecutions or convictions – many matches occur with victims or
passers-by or are false matches. The number of false matches will increase as the
Database gets bigger.
[bold]Myth 2. Keeping the records of unconvicted people on the DNA database
makes us all safer[/bold]
If people are a danger to society, it makes sense to keep their DNA profiles on the
Database. But vulnerable people may be put at risk by being on the Database,
because an individual’s computerised DNA profile can be used to trace their
movements or identify relatives. If a person’s DNA sample is also accessed, other
personal information about their health may also be obtained. If criminals can
infiltrate the system they may be able to use it to identify people whose identity is
protected, including vulnerable women or children, or people in witness protection
schemes. The permanent retention of records of arrest, linked to DNA, also means
2
there is significant potential for individuals to suffer erosions of their rights. Potential
abuses could include: refusal of visas or access to visa waiver schemes (such as that
operated by the US); refusal of employment; and excessive Government or police
surveillance (of individuals or selected groups of people).
[bold]Myth 3. Removing the records of unconvicted people would allow murders and
rapists to walk free[/bold]
Adopting a policy of removal of records in line with Scotland’s would make no
difference to cases such as the Ipswich and Sally-Ann Bowman murders. The
chance of a crime scene DNA profile matching an individual’s profile on the DNA
Database is higher in Scotland than in England and Wales, even though most people
have their records removed from the Database on acquittal in Scotland. Keeping
records of vulnerable women and children on the Database does not make them
safer, because of the danger of misuse.
[bold]Myth 4. Individuals with records on the Database will only be identified if they
have committed a serious crime[/bold]
Most people whose names are sent from the Database to the police in ‘match
reports’ are not subsequently convicted of any crime: for example, they may have
been at the crime scene earlier in the day, or the match may be a false one. In
addition, all Police National Computer records are now kept permanently, linked to
the National DNA Database. Information contained in these records may be used to
refuse someone a visa or a job, even if they have never been convicted of a crime.
The retention of permanent records of arrest is unprecedented in British history.
[bold]Myth 5. Information will only be shared with other countries if it is needed to
investigate a serious offence[/bold]
There is now a presumption in favour of data-sharing across the European Union for
the purposes of crime prevention and detection. However, other European countries
only keep DNA profiles of convicted criminals permanently on their databases,
whereas the Database in England and Wales contains DNA profiles from around a
million unconvicted people, about 100,000 of whom are under 18. Although the police
in other countries will not be given direct access to the DNA database, a plan is being
developed to allow them to submit crime scene DNA profiles and to receive reports
on matches with individuals’ profiles on the Database. A worst case scenario is that
someone who infiltrates the law enforcement system of another country could use
this system to track down a potential victim, by submitting a DNA profile obtained
from, say, the toothbrush of a child, rather than a crime scene. Other governments –
for example, the US - may also seek records of arrest, or the DNA profiles of named
individuals.
[bold]Myth 6. DNA evidence is foolproof[/bold]
DNA evidence is not foolproof: false matches can occur by chance, especially if
the DNA profile from the crime scene is not complete. The National DNA
Database Annual Report 2005/06 states that between May 2001 and April 2006,
50,434 matches with crime scene profiles, or 27.6% of the total number of match
reports, involved a list of potential suspects, not a single suspect, being given to
the police, because matches with multiple records on the Database were made.
The increasing use of Low Copy Number (LCN) DNA analysis – which allows a
DNA profile to be extracted from a single cell – has led the Director of the
Forensic Institute in Edinburgh to warn that innocent people may be wrongly
3
identified as suspects as a consequence of being on the Database. For example,
a single cell of DNA can be transferred from someone who had never been at a
crime scene, simply because they had earlier shaken hands with the perpetrator.
The LCN technique was strongly criticised by the judge in the Omagh bombing
trial.
[bold]Myth 7. Keeping individuals’ DNA profiles on the Database helps to exonerate
innocent people who have been falsely accused of committing crimes[/bold]
A DNA database is not required to provide evidence of guilt or innocence when there
is a known group of suspects for a specific crime: a computerised DNA profile can be
obtained from each individual and compared directly with a crime scene DNA profile.
A database of individual DNA profiles is therefore unnecessary to exonerate an
innocent person – their DNA profile can be taken directly from them, rather than
looked up on a database. The ‘added value’ of putting individuals on a database is
only to introduce new suspects into an investigation.
[bold]Myth 8. The Database can only be used to identify an individual, not for other
purposes[/bold]
The Database may be used for any “purposes related to the prevention or detection
of crime”. Uses now include: familial searching (using partial DNA matches to try to
identify the relatives of a suspect); searching by name; and undertaking various types
of genetic research (including controversial attempts to predict ethnic appearance
from DNA). Undertaking genetic research using the Database or samples is a breach
of the usual ethical requirements for consent to such research.
[bold]Myth 9: Putting everybody on the Database would be fairer and would help to
solve more crimes[/bold]
To put everyone on the database would require DNA to be taken from all British
residents and visitors, by force if necessary, sent to laboratories and analysed, and
put on the computer database, linked with each person’s name and address. This
would be an enormous and expensive distraction from solving crimes, as well as
increasing the likelihood of errors and misuse. If everyone in the world was on a DNA
Database this would lead to more crimes, not less, because of the danger of misuse
by governments and infiltration by organised criminals, who could use it to track
victims and political opponents.
[bold]Myth 10. People’s DNA profiles, samples and personal details can only be
accessed by a small number of people[/bold]
Copies of the personal information collected by the police when someone is arrested
– such as name and ethnic appearance – are sent with people’s DNA samples to the
commercial laboratories which analyse and store the samples, rather than directly to
the central DNA Database. Records of arrest – although not the DNA profiles
themselves - are also kept on the Police National Computer (PNC). A wide range of
agencies, including potential employers, can access information from the PNC.
Ten myths about the police National DNA Database
February 2008
Background
In England and Wales, the police now take DNA samples routinely without consent
from anyone aged ten or above who is arrested in connection with any recordable
offence. Recordable offences include being drunk and disorderly, taking part in an
illegal demonstration and minor acts of criminal damage by children, caused by
kicking footballs or throwing snowballs. A false accusation is sufficient to be arrested
on suspicion of committing an offence. All DNA samples are kept permanently by the
companies that analyse them, and the computerised DNA profiles and personal data
(such as name and ethnic group) are also kept permanently on the National DNA
Database, even if a person is never charged or is acquitted.
In Scotland, DNA may be taken on arrest for any imprisonable offence and
computerised DNA profiles and samples are kept permanently if the individual is
convicted. However, the Scottish Parliament voted against permanent retention of
DNA from innocent people, in May 2006. Instead, police powers were expanded to
allow temporary retention (for up to 5 years) from a much smaller number of people
who had been charged but acquitted of a serious violent or sexual offence.
In Northern Ireland, the law is the same as in England and Wales, but it has not yet
been fully implemented.
Myth 1. Keeping more people’s records on the DNA database will make it more
effective
The value of entering increasing numbers of DNA profiles from individuals on the
Database (unrelated to the reason for arrest) is that it may allow investigation of a
past crime to be re-opened, by unexpectedly identifying a new suspect. The purpose
of retaining an individual’s DNA profile on a database is to treat them as a suspect for
any future crime. Keeping DNA profiles from convicted criminals has been shown to
be effective, as has collecting more DNA from crime scenes. But keeping DNA
profiles from unconvicted people on the Database has not helped to solve more
crimes: the proportion of recorded crimes detected using DNA has not increased in
the last 5 years, despite 2 million more people’s records being kept. The Government
has provided evidence of DNA matches with unconvicted persons, but matches are
not the same as prosecutions or convictions – many matches occur with victims or
passers-by or are false matches. The number of false matches will increase as the
Database gets bigger.
Myth 2. Keeping the records of unconvicted people on the DNA database
makes us all safer
If people are a danger to society, it makes sense to keep their DNA profiles on the
Database. But vulnerable people may be put at risk by being on the Database,
because an individual’s computerised DNA profile can be used to trace their
movements or identify relatives. If a person’s DNA sample is also accessed, other
personal information about their health may also be obtained. If criminals can
infiltrate the system they may be able to use it to identify people whose identity is
protected, including vulnerable women or children, or people in witness protection
schemes. The permanent retention of records of arrest, linked to DNA, also means
2
there is significant potential for individuals to suffer erosions of their rights. Potential
abuses could include: refusal of visas or access to visa waiver schemes (such as that
operated by the US); refusal of employment; and excessive Government or police
surveillance (of individuals or selected groups of people).
Myth 3. Removing the records of unconvicted people would allow murders and
rapists to walk free
Adopting a policy of removal of records in line with Scotland’s would make no
difference to cases such as the Ipswich and Sally-Ann Bowman murders. The
chance of a crime scene DNA profile matching an individual’s profile on the DNA
Database is higher in Scotland than in England and Wales, even though most people
have their records removed from the Database on acquittal in Scotland. Keeping
records of vulnerable women and children on the Database does not make them
safer, because of the danger of misuse.
Myth 4. Individuals with records on the Database will only be identified if they
have committed a serious crime
Most people whose names are sent from the Database to the police in ‘match
reports’ are not subsequently convicted of any crime: for example, they may have
been at the crime scene earlier in the day, or the match may be a false one. In
addition, all Police National Computer records are now kept permanently, linked to
the National DNA Database. Information contained in these records may be used to
refuse someone a visa or a job, even if they have never been convicted of a crime.
The retention of permanent records of arrest is unprecedented in British history.
Myth 5. Information will only be shared with other countries if it is needed to
investigate a serious offence
There is now a presumption in favour of data-sharing across the European Union for
the purposes of crime prevention and detection. However, other European countries
only keep DNA profiles of convicted criminals permanently on their databases,
whereas the Database in England and Wales contains DNA profiles from around a
million unconvicted people, about 100,000 of whom are under 18. Although the police
in other countries will not be given direct access to the DNA database, a plan is being
developed to allow them to submit crime scene DNA profiles and to receive reports
on matches with individuals’ profiles on the Database. A worst case scenario is that
someone who infiltrates the law enforcement system of another country could use
this system to track down a potential victim, by submitting a DNA profile obtained
from, say, the toothbrush of a child, rather than a crime scene. Other governments –
for example, the US - may also seek records of arrest, or the DNA profiles of named
individuals.
Myth 6. DNA evidence is foolproof
DNA evidence is not foolproof: false matches can occur by chance, especially if
the DNA profile from the crime scene is not complete. The National DNA
Database Annual Report 2005/06 states that between May 2001 and April 2006,
50,434 matches with crime scene profiles, or 27.6% of the total number of match
reports, involved a list of potential suspects, not a single suspect, being given to
the police, because matches with multiple records on the Database were made.
The increasing use of Low Copy Number (LCN) DNA analysis – which allows a
DNA profile to be extracted from a single cell – has led the Director of the
Forensic Institute in Edinburgh to warn that innocent people may be wrongly
3
identified as suspects as a consequence of being on the Database. For example,
a single cell of DNA can be transferred from someone who had never been at a
crime scene, simply because they had earlier shaken hands with the perpetrator.
The LCN technique was strongly criticised by the judge in the Omagh bombing
trial.
Myth 7. Keeping individuals’ DNA profiles on the Database helps to exonerate
innocent people who have been falsely accused of committing crimes
A DNA database is not required to provide evidence of guilt or innocence when there
is a known group of suspects for a specific crime: a computerised DNA profile can be
obtained from each individual and compared directly with a crime scene DNA profile.
A database of individual DNA profiles is therefore unnecessary to exonerate an
innocent person – their DNA profile can be taken directly from them, rather than
looked up on a database. The ‘added value’ of putting individuals on a database is
only to introduce new suspects into an investigation.
Myth 8. The Database can only be used to identify an individual, not for other
purposes
The Database may be used for any “purposes related to the prevention or detection
of crime”. Uses now include: familial searching (using partial DNA matches to try to
identify the relatives of a suspect); searching by name; and undertaking various types
of genetic research (including controversial attempts to predict ethnic appearance
from DNA). Undertaking genetic research using the Database or samples is a breach
of the usual ethical requirements for consent to such research.
Myth 9: Putting everybody on the Database would be fairer and would help to
solve more crimes
To put everyone on the database would require DNA to be taken from all British
residents and visitors, by force if necessary, sent to laboratories and analysed, and
put on the computer database, linked with each person’s name and address. This
would be an enormous and expensive distraction from solving crimes, as well as
increasing the likelihood of errors and misuse. If everyone in the world was on a DNA
Database this would lead to more crimes, not less, because of the danger of misuse
by governments and infiltration by organised criminals, who could use it to track
victims and political opponents.
Myth 10. People’s DNA profiles, samples and personal details can only be
accessed by a small number of people
Copies of the personal information collected by the police when someone is arrested
– such as name and ethnic appearance – are sent with people’s DNA samples to the
commercial laboratories which analyse and store the samples, rather than directly to
the central DNA Database. Records of arrest – although not the DNA profiles
themselves - are also kept on the Police National Computer (PNC). A wide range of
agencies, including potential employers, can access information from the PNC.
Posted by: Chris Buckley, Essex on 6:14pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[bold]The 10 Myths about the National DNA Database was written by Dr Helen Wallace she works for a non profit organization called Gene Watch UK if you would like to learn more about the National DNA Database and join the campaign to have innocent people's DNA removed from it please go to www.genewatch.org[/bold]
The 10 Myths about the National DNA Database was written by Dr Helen Wallace she works for a non profit organization called Gene Watch UK if you would like to learn more about the National DNA Database and join the campaign to have innocent people's DNA removed from it please go to www.genewatch.org Posted by: schraube, canvey on 6:30pm Wed 5 Mar 08
Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief!
I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!!
Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief!
I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!!
Posted by: smee, somewhere out there on 8:43pm Wed 5 Mar 08
[quote][bold]APR[/bold] wrote:
I don't see any problem with this. I think everyone's DNA should be on file.[/quote] I couldn't agree more, those who don't agree must have a guilty conscience.
APR wrote:
I don't see any problem with this. I think everyone's DNA should be on file.
I couldn't agree more, those who don't agree must have a guilty conscience.
Posted by: strutter, southend on 10:55pm Wed 5 Mar 08
I DIDNT KNOW ESSEX POLICE KEEP INNOCENT PEOPLES DNA,FINGERPRINTS AND MUGSHOTS ON A DATABASE.IN TOMORROWS ECHO I EXPECT TO SEE PICTURES OF ALL THOSE PEOPLE WHO SAY ITS OK, QUEUING UP AT ESSEX POLICE STATIONS TO GIVE THIERS.THOUGHT NOT MUPPETS.THIS IS AN ABUSE OF POWER.WHEN CHILDREN ARE INVOLVED THATS CHILD ABUSE.
I DIDNT KNOW ESSEX POLICE KEEP INNOCENT PEOPLES DNA,FINGERPRINTS AND MUGSHOTS ON A DATABASE.IN TOMORROWS ECHO I EXPECT TO SEE PICTURES OF ALL THOSE PEOPLE WHO SAY ITS OK, QUEUING UP AT ESSEX POLICE STATIONS TO GIVE THIERS.THOUGHT NOT MUPPETS.THIS IS AN ABUSE OF POWER.WHEN CHILDREN ARE INVOLVED THATS CHILD ABUSE.
Posted by: Clare, Rayleigh on 12:23am Thu 6 Mar 08
It seems the country is split as usual!
I personally don't have any problem with their being a record of our DNA. If it helps them to solve crimes then surely that is a good thing!
And as for people asking us 'muppets' to go queue up at our local police station - I think not - I have a job to go to and I'd rather not waste police time! If they want my DNA all they have to do is ask nicely!
It seems the country is split as usual!
I personally don't have any problem with their being a record of our DNA. If it helps them to solve crimes then surely that is a good thing!
And as for people asking us 'muppets' to go queue up at our local police station - I think not - I have a job to go to and I'd rather not waste police time! If they want my DNA all they have to do is ask nicely!
Posted by: the_spycatcher on 9:03am Thu 6 Mar 08
Essentially I have no problem with a DNA database. However my concerns lay with the inept Government and their handling of such information. Let us now assume that have a successful national DNA database free from any government scandal (unlikley I know). Once a 'criminal' has been apprehended, much thanks to the DNA database, what chance an appropriate sentence handed out by the courts? Fact: a database of DNA would be an effective tool to help fight crime but that is of little use when the core fundementals of our judicial system are ineffective.
Essentially I have no problem with a DNA database. However my concerns lay with the inept Government and their handling of such information. Let us now assume that have a successful national DNA database free from any government scandal (unlikley I know). Once a 'criminal' has been apprehended, much thanks to the DNA database, what chance an appropriate sentence handed out by the courts? Fact: a database of DNA would be an effective tool to help fight crime but that is of little use when the core fundementals of our judicial system are ineffective.
Posted by: piano hinges on 4:06pm Thu 6 Mar 08
[quote][bold]schraube[/bold] wrote:
Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief! I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!! [/quote] I don't know you so I can't tell if that second para is a joke or not.
Presumably you're aware that tattooing has been used before to trace, mark and classify people. Ask any Holocaust survivor.
schraube wrote:
Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief! I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!!
I don't know you so I can't tell if that second para is a joke or not.
Presumably you're aware that tattooing has been used before to trace, mark and classify people. Ask any Holocaust survivor.
Posted by: Bozo, Westcliff on 9:12pm Thu 6 Mar 08
[quote][bold]piano hinges[/bold] wrote:
[quote][bold]schraube[/bold] wrote: Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief! I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!! [/quote] I don't know you so I can't tell if that second para is a joke or not. Presumably you're aware that tattooing has been used before to trace, mark and classify people. Ask any Holocaust survivor.[/quote] Take no notice of evilc, he does say some odd things...
piano hinges wrote:
schraube wrote: Unbelievable what a load of tosh how people can write columns that long and think everyone has such a boring life beggars belief! I believe everyone should have a tatoo on their forhead with a 'barcode' under it!!
I don't know you so I can't tell if that second para is a joke or not. Presumably you're aware that tattooing has been used before to trace, mark and classify people. Ask any Holocaust survivor.
Take no notice of evilc, he does say some odd things...
Posted by: Steve, ear4now on 11:22pm Thu 6 Mar 08
That PC in your picture took my DNA made my gums bleed nice chap, a year,yes a year, later i was informed there was no case to answer do not attend court a case of wrong place wrong time had nothing what so ever to do with me never been arrested for anything in my life. Whats to stop the police from finding a match of my DNA at a future crime scene? of course they would not do that would they!! you people do make me laugh at times.
That PC in your picture took my DNA made my gums bleed nice chap, a year,yes a year, later i was informed there was no case to answer do not attend court a case of wrong place wrong time had nothing what so ever to do with me never been arrested for anything in my life. Whats to stop the police from finding a match of my DNA at a future crime scene? of course they would not do that would they!! you people do make me laugh at times.
Posted by: Kim Gandy, Rayleigh on 12:39am Fri 7 Mar 08
[quote][bold]smee[/bold] wrote:
[quote][bold]APR[/bold] wrote: I don't see any problem with this. I think everyone's DNA should be on file.[/quote] I couldn't agree more, those who don't agree must have a guilty conscience.[/quote] These two responses say it all.
Obviously, those contributors above who have done a bit of research and made positive responses must all be idiots then.
And those of us who are highly sceptical of anything this government says or does are so obviously "guilty" then, as condemned by these two individuals I quote above?
This government knows far too much about INNOCENT people in this country, whilst its own members carry on in the most abhorrent fashion, with their dodgy dealings with Muslim businessmen; cash for votes scams, tweaking laws to suit themselves and selling off our country to all and sundry.
I wouldn't trust this government with a cupfull of discarded custard from my bin, let alone with my DNA.
Grow up!
smee wrote:
APR wrote: I don't see any problem with this. I think everyone's DNA should be on file.
I couldn't agree more, those who don't agree must have a guilty conscience.
These two responses say it all.
Obviously, those contributors above who have done a bit of research and made positive responses must all be idiots then.
And those of us who are highly sceptical of anything this government says or does are so obviously "guilty" then, as condemned by these two individuals I quote above?
This government knows far too much about INNOCENT people in this country, whilst its own members carry on in the most abhorrent fashion, with their dodgy dealings with Muslim businessmen; cash for votes scams, tweaking laws to suit themselves and selling off our country to all and sundry.
I wouldn't trust this government with a cupfull of discarded custard from my bin, let alone with my DNA.
Grow up!
Posted by: LJK, Canvey on 3:06pm Wed 12 Mar 08
If you have nothing to hide, there should be no problem in having your DNA profile on a confidential database.
If you have nothing to hide, there should be no problem in having your DNA profile on a confidential database.
Posted by: Chris Buckley, Essex on 4:14pm Sun 16 Mar 08
It is interesting to note that nobody has challenged the [bold]10 Myths about the Police National DNA Database[/bold] I posted on 5th March.
It is interesting to note that nobody has challenged the
10 Myths about the Police National DNA Database I posted on 5th March.
Posted by: Kevin Reynolds, London on 9:04pm Tue 15 Apr 08
The database solved it – it certainly did not stop the Metropolitan Police from wrongfully arresting me for the murder of Sally Bowman and detaining me for 36 hours, smashing my house up etc. I was on the database despite being convicted of no offence. Anyone who wants to see what Detective Chief Superintendent Stuart Cundy done to me and my family you can check this out
http://gizmonaut.net
/blog/uk/dna_retenti
on_of_unconvicted_pe
ople.html
Absolute proof my DNA already on the database: http://gizmonaut.net
/images/kr_dna.jpg
The database solved it – it certainly did not stop the Metropolitan Police from wrongfully arresting me for the murder of Sally Bowman and detaining me for 36 hours, smashing my house up etc. I was on the database despite being convicted of no offence. Anyone who wants to see what Detective Chief Superintendent Stuart Cundy done to me and my family you can check this out
http://gizmonaut.net
/blog/uk/dna_retenti
on_of_unconvicted_pe
ople.html
Absolute proof my DNA already on the database: http://gizmonaut.net
/images/kr_dna.jpg
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